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1997-05-21
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843 lines
425
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You'll see some more
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quotations in a minute.
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But perhaps you
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have already noticed...
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Certain themes and
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certain ideas about
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translation keep
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coming back through
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all of history...
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---------PAUSE 6 SECONDS--------
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----------CLEAR SCREEN----------
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Why should it be,
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given so many advances
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in most branches
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of human knowledge
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through the ages,
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that there has been
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almost no advance in
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knowledge about translation
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over the past 2,500 years?
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---------PAUSE 7 SECONDS--------
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----------CLEAR SCREEN----------
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People seem confused
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by the whole idea
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of translation...
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First of all, they
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don't see why translation
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should really present any
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kind of a problem...
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---------PAUSE 7 SECONDS--------
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----------CLEAR SCREEN----------
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AFTER ALL, Reality
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is the same everywhere...
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ISN'T IT???
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All you have to do is
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substitute one word
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for another...
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RIGHT...?
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---------PAUSE 4 SECONDS--------
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----------CLEAR SCREEN----------
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But of course the
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problem is that both
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"Reality" and the words
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people use to describe it
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CAN ACTUALLY CHANGE
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from one language
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to another.
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---------PAUSE 7 SECONDS--------
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----------CLEAR SCREEN----------
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Some people, even
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including some scientists,
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find this idea hard
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to deal with.
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But that's only
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the first problem
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some people have
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with translation.
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---------PAUSE 7 SECONDS--------
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----------CLEAR SCREEN----------
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As the quotations show,
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a lot of people also
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have problems when
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the translation doesn't
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match up perfectly
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with the original text.
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They feel the translation
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must be at fault
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when this happens.
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---------PAUSE 7 SECONDS--------
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----------CLEAR SCREEN----------
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They criticize a
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translation when it is
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"too literal and clumsy."
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But they also criticize
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a translation when it is
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"too free and unfaithful."
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They want to have it
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"just right."
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---------PAUSE 7 SECONDS--------
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----------CLEAR SCREEN----------
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Sometimes it seems
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as if they can't make
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up their minds.
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They keep insisting on
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something that can't
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exist--because what
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is "just right"
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for one audience may
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not be for another.
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---------PAUSE 7 SECONDS--------
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----------CLEAR SCREEN----------
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Sometimes it seems
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as if these people
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are simply angry
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at language for not
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always being the same.
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Or angry at "reality"
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for not always finding
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the same expressions
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in all languages.
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---------PAUSE 7 SECONDS--------
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----------CLEAR SCREEN----------
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It could be that what
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we are looking at here
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has more to do with
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human psychology than
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it does with language.
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Over and over again
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through the centuries,
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people voice the same
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problems and confusions.
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---------PAUSE 7 SECONDS--------
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----------CLEAR SCREEN----------
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Instead of calling it
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a "language problem,"
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let's call it a
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"people problem" instead.
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You've heard of
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"culture shock"--let's
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call this one
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"language shock" or
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"translation shock"...
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---------PAUSE 7 SECONDS--------
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----------CLEAR SCREEN----------
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Perhaps this will
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give us a better
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understanding of what
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is really going on.
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Basically, we have enough
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trouble with communication
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just in one language...
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---------PAUSE 6 SECONDS--------
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----------CLEAR SCREEN----------
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All day, every day,
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people keep having trouble
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getting things straight,
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even in English.
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People keep asking:
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What does it really mean?
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Do we have it right?
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Is this what "they" want?
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---------PAUSE 7 SECONDS--------
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----------CLEAR SCREEN----------
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Imagine what can happen
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when two languages
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are involved...
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And now let's return
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to our quotations.
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---------PAUSE 7 SECONDS--------
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----------CLEAR SCREEN----------
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11 0021200 0321 01716011 1
In 1899 the American poet
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Sidney Lanier wrote
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that any idea, as idea,
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can be expressed in
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English. This notion
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should perhaps be
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contrasted with the
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next three quotations:
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---------PAUSE 7 SECONDS--------
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----------CLEAR SCREEN----------
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...an idea
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does not pass
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from one language
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to another
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without change.
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--Miguel de Unamuno, 1921
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---------PAUSE 6 SECONDS--------
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----------CLEAR SCREEN----------
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...all languages share
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in a common myopia; none
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can articulate the whole
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truth...Translators are
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men groping towards
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each other in
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a common mist.
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--George Steiner, 1975
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---------PAUSE 6 SECONDS--------
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----------CLEAR SCREEN----------
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The sum of human
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wisdom is not contained
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in any one language,
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and no single language
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is CAPABLE of expressing
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all forms and degrees
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of human comprehension.
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--Ezra Pound, 1934
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---------PAUSE 6 SECONDS--------
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----------CLEAR SCREEN----------
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And now we
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return
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to a purely
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historical order...
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---------PAUSE 5 SECONDS--------
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----------CLEAR SCREEN----------
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There is
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no translation
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except a word-for-word
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translation.
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--George Moore, 1886
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Anglo-Irish Novelist
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---------PAUSE 6 SECONDS--------
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----------CLEAR SCREEN----------
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The only tribute
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a French translator
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can pay Shakespeare
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is not to
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translate him.
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--Max Beerbohm, 1899
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---------PAUSE 6 SECONDS--------
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----------CLEAR SCREEN----------
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...translation is
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sin...meddling with
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inspiration, blasphemy
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against the Holy Ghost.
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--Grant Showerman, 1916
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Historian & Classicist
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---------PAUSE 6 SECONDS--------
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----------CLEAR SCREEN----------
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Every word should be
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represented somehow in the
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translation, except where
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the omission of a word
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improves the English
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and takes nothing
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from the meaning.
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--Alexander Souter, 1920
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Lexicographer & Biblical Scholar
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---------PAUSE 6 SECONDS--------
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----------CLEAR SCREEN----------
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A Dane wrote a 700 word
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sketch. This was
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translated successively
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into Swedish, German,
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English, French, and
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then back into Danish.
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The final product was
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unrecognizable.
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--Anonymous, 1927
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(an experiment with
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similar results is
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described by Vinay
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and Darbelnet in
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"Linguistique
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Comparée," 1958).
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---------PAUSE 6 SECONDS--------
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----------CLEAR SCREEN----------
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Reading poetry
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in translation
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is like
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kissing a woman
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through a handkerchief.
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915021200 0321 01716011 1
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--Chaim Nachman Bialik, 1928
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Acclaimed Hebrew Poet
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---------PAUSE 6 SECONDS--------
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----------CLEAR SCREEN----------
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Professor Murray
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has simply interposed
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between Euripides
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and ourselves
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a barrier more
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impenetrable than
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the Greek language.
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--T. S. Eliot, 1920
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(about Gilbert Murray as a
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translator of Greek drama)
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---------PAUSE 6 SECONDS--------
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----------CLEAR SCREEN----------
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All translation is
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a kind of illusion...
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Those translations are
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always best in which
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the illusion is most
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complete and the idiom
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least suggestive
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of translation.
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--T.F. Higham, 1938
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Classicist & Anthologist
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---------PAUSE 6 SECONDS--------
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----------CLEAR SCREEN----------
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The original
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is unfaithful
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to the translation.
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915021200 0321 01716011 1
--Jorge Luis Borges, 1943
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(on Henley's 1786 translation
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of Beckford's 1782 "Vathek")
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---------PAUSE 6 SECONDS--------
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----------CLEAR SCREEN----------
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The translator is
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ignored; he is seated
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in the very furthest place;
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he lives so to speak
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only from alms; he
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accepts performing the
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very lowest functions, the
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most self-effacing roles.
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--Valéry Larbaud, 1946
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Translator, Author, Critic
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---------PAUSE 6 SECONDS--------
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----------CLEAR SCREEN----------
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Translations (like
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wives) are seldom
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strictly faithful
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if they are in
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the least attractive.
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915021200 0321 01716011 1
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--Roy Campbell, 1949
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---------PAUSE 6 SECONDS--------
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----------CLEAR SCREEN----------
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Our understanding
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is under the spell
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of the language
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which it utilizes.
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--Leo Weisgerber, 1950
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Linguist and Language Historian
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---------PAUSE 6 SECONDS--------
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----------CLEAR SCREEN----------
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Translation and Translators:
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915021200 0321 01716011 1
Quotations Through the Ages
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From Ancient Sumeria
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To Molecular Biology
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will continue in
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5 seconds.
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---------PAUSE 5 SECONDS--------
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----------CLEAR SCREEN----------
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1
